It’s a powerful allegory. Jim Crow was a 19th-century minstrel figure whose stereotypes about enslaved black people fueled an entertainment industry for white audiences. In the 20th century, he entered politics, denying black Americans constitutional rights through the courts, legislatures, police violence, and vigilante groups. Now, having graduated from college and passed the bar, Jim Crow is suing to overturn civil rights gains and passing partisan legislation in rigged redistricting states. The goal has always been the same: to exploit racism for political and social advantage. Barber’s argument was that racial prejudice had not been overcome, but had evolved.
Personification helps make complex concepts easier to understand. Uncle Sam represents the federal government, the tax man we have to pay and who famously wants “you” in the military. Rosie the Riveter wore jumpsuits and showed off her muscles to prove that women could drive an industrial economy. Karen is an arbitrary name given to nosy, entitled white women who use the intimidation of law enforcement to get their way. And Uncle Tom is a name stolen from fiction to refer to black people who ease their way by pandering to authority and seeking white approval.
These images stand in for policy positions. Complex systems can be hard to grasp, and bureaucracies discourage the involvement of ordinary bystanders. You didn’t have to be an expert on wartime mobilization or the sociology of gender roles to have an opinion that Rosie is a riveter. In the 1980s, “welfare queens” caricatured thorny debates about the social security net and the government’s role in addressing racial inequality. Similarly, right-wing activists today are in the midst of personifying the tangle of issues, fears, and grievances into figures like the liberal arts scholar “Dr. DEI.”
The far-right argues that the country’s changing demographics threaten American culture and that diversity comes at the expense of whites. They cite critical race theory as evidence, and misunderstandings about law school structures as evidence of an imagined grand conspiracy. They position their supporters as victims of racism because of policies that attempt to right past wrongs and open opportunities for people of color. They lament the social stigma they feel for these views, and turn those feelings into fuel for political activism.
Needing a scapegoat for these claims, DEI advocates settled on the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion agenda. They see DEI as reshaping the nation by leveraging education, cultural influence, and claims of moral superiority. DEI is their umbrella term for anything that feels unfair or offensive to white Americans. It is also used as a pejorative for black public officials who are deemed unqualified or are quota selections. Kamala Harris has been dubbed the “DEI Vice President.” The Governor of Maryland and the Mayor of Baltimore have both been criticized for being DEI while in office. Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson has been accused of being an affirmative action advocate for her DEI appointments to the Supreme Court.
DEI professors are easy targets whenever provocateurs try to stoke resentment. That’s why more than two-thirds of the roughly 200 state bills in 2021-2022 aimed to limit teaching about racial inequality and American history. The bills included language ripped from right-wing think tanks and Trump administration executive orders mandating that students not feel guilty or distressed when learning about uncomfortable parts of our national narrative.
Dr. DEI is just another political devil for extremists, a traitor bent on undermining the country. It is touted as the work of America-hating academics hiding in their ivory towers, trying to demoralize young people and brainwash them into thinking their country is hopelessly racist. Every time there is yet another accusation that they are exploiting people’s sympathies and scamming corporations and governments for their own selfish gain, right-wing activists implicitly ask the same question: Who does this remind you of? The welfare queens were not dethroned, but She went on to graduate school.
The nation’s electoral divide is stark. White voters are the only racial and ethnic group that the right consistently wins over. Women, young people, and college-educated, unmarried voters increasingly support left-leaning candidates who advocate government programs to address inequality and injustice. Former President Donald Trump said at a rally in South Carolina that the divide “is not just about values, it’s about the survival of the nation.” Americans may not fully understand how laws and policies relate to racial disparities, but they do have opinions about DEI. That makes this complex issue easy to politicize and exploit for political and social gain.
